shell command crashes when passing (with -c) the python code with functions.

[William Schwartz]

The examples below use Python 3.7 and Django 2.2.16, but I checked that the code is the same on master and works the same in Python 3.8.

Here's how ​python -c works:

$ python -c <<EOF " 
import django
def f():
        print(django.__version__)
f()"
EOF
2.2.16

Here's how ​python -m django shell -c works (paths shortened for clarify):

$ python -m django shell -c <<EOF "
import django
def f():
        print(django.__version__)
f()"
EOF
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "{sys.base_prefix}/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    "__main__", mod_spec)
  File "{sys.base_prefix}/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__main__.py", line 9, in <module>
    management.execute_from_command_line()
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 364, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/shell.py", line 86, in handle
    exec(options['command'])
  File "<string>", line 5, in <module>
  File "<string>", line 4, in f
NameError: name 'django' is not defined

The problem is in the ​usage of ​exec:

    def handle(self, **options):
        # Execute the command and exit.
        if options['command']:
            exec(options['command'])
            return


        # Execute stdin if it has anything to read and exit.
        # Not supported on Windows due to select.select() limitations.
        if sys.platform != 'win32' and not sys.stdin.isatty() and select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0)[0]:
            exec(sys.stdin.read())
            return

exec should be passed a dictionary containing a minimal set of globals. This can be done by just passing a new, empty dictionary as the second argument of exec.

[William Schwartz]

​PR includes tests and documents the new feature in the release notes (but not in the main docs since it seems more like a bug fix than a new feature to me).

[Mariusz Felisiak <felisiak.mariusz@…>]

In c0fc5ba:

Fixed #32183 -- Fixed shell crash when passing code with nested scopes.