id	summary	reporter	owner	description	type	status	component	version	severity	resolution	keywords	cc	stage	has_patch	needs_docs	needs_tests	needs_better_patch	easy	ui_ux
32183	shell command crashes when passing (with -c) the python code with functions.	William Schwartz	William Schwartz	"The examples below use Python 3.7 and Django 2.2.16, but I checked that the code is the same on master and works the same in Python 3.8.

Here's how [https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-c python -c] works:

{{{
$ python -c <<EOF "" 
import django
def f():
        print(django.__version__)
f()""
EOF
2.2.16
}}}

Here's how [https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/django-admin/#cmdoption-shell-command python -m django shell -c] works (paths shortened for clarify):
{{{
$ python -m django shell -c <<EOF ""
import django
def f():
        print(django.__version__)
f()""
EOF
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File ""{sys.base_prefix}/lib/python3.7/runpy.py"", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
    ""__main__"", mod_spec)
  File ""{sys.base_prefix}/lib/python3.7/runpy.py"", line 85, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__main__.py"", line 9, in <module>
    management.execute_from_command_line()
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py"", line 381, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py"", line 375, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py"", line 323, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py"", line 364, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File ""{sys.prefix}/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/shell.py"", line 86, in handle
    exec(options['command'])
  File ""<string>"", line 5, in <module>
  File ""<string>"", line 4, in f
NameError: name 'django' is not defined
}}}

The problem is in the [https://github.com/django/django/blob/dbb4a86fa7c15fb9cf73a5954356eb88d65ac25f/django/core/management/commands/shell.py#L84-L94 usage] of [https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#exec exec]:
{{{
#!python
    def handle(self, **options):
        # Execute the command and exit.
        if options['command']:
            exec(options['command'])
            return


        # Execute stdin if it has anything to read and exit.
        # Not supported on Windows due to select.select() limitations.
        if sys.platform != 'win32' and not sys.stdin.isatty() and select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0)[0]:
            exec(sys.stdin.read())
            return
}}}

`exec` should be passed a dictionary containing a minimal set of globals. This can be done by just passing a new, empty dictionary as the second argument of `exec`.
"	Bug	closed	Core (Management commands)	dev	Normal	fixed			Ready for checkin	1	0	0	0	1	0