Opened 3 years ago
Closed 3 years ago
#34523 closed Bug (fixed)
Model.objects.update_or_create method sometimes raises TransactionManagementError
| Reported by: | gatello-s | Owned by: | Mariusz Felisiak |
|---|---|---|---|
| Component: | Database layer (models, ORM) | Version: | 4.2 |
| Severity: | Normal | Keywords: | update_or_create TransactionManagementError |
| Cc: | Anton Plotkin, Francesco Panico | Triage Stage: | Accepted |
| Has patch: | yes | Needs documentation: | no |
| Needs tests: | no | Patch needs improvement: | no |
| Easy pickings: | no | UI/UX: | no |
Description (last modified by )
When using with myisam-only database the method update_or_create can occur a TransactionManagementError exception if creating a record was unsuccessful (because of IntegrityError, for example the record with a same primary key was already created by another process).
The problem has started after the upgrading from Django 3.2.16 to 4.1.7
The test below just simulates a parallel insertion of the record with the same PK
Database backend: mariadb server (10.5.19) (default-storage-engine is myisam).
This test works fine with Django 3.2.16 and fails on Django 4.1.7+:
class TransactionManagementErrorTest(TestCase):
class TestModel(models.Model):
managed = False
field = models.IntegerField(null=True)
class Meta(object):
db_table = 'test_model_update_or_create'
class QuerySet(models.QuerySet):
def create(self, **kwargs):
super().create(**kwargs) # simulate parallel insertion
return super().create(**kwargs)
class TestModelManager(models.Manager.from_queryset(QuerySet)):
pass
objects = TestModelManager()
def exec_sql(self, sql):
from django.db import connections, router
db = router.db_for_write(self.TestModel)
connection = connections[db]
connection.cursor().execute(sql)
def setUp(self):
super().setUp()
self.exec_sql(
'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `test_model_update_or_create` (`id` integer AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, `field` integer NULL);'
)
def tearDown(self):
self.exec_sql(
'DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `test_model_update_or_create`;'
)
super().tearDown()
def test_update_or_create(self):
self.TestModel.objects.update_or_create(id=1, defaults={'field': 2})
Exception: django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError: An error occurred in the current transaction. You can't execute queries until the end of the 'atomic' block.
Failure stack:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/mysite/polls/tests.py", line 47, in test_update_or_create
self.TestModel.objects.update_or_create(id=1, defaults={'field': 2})
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 87, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 949, in update_or_create
obj, created = self.select_for_update().get_or_create(defaults, **kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 926, in get_or_create
return self.get(**kwargs), False
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 633, in get
num = len(clone)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 380, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1881, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 91, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1560, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 83, in _execute
self.db.validate_no_broken_transaction()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 531, in validate_no_broken_transaction
raise TransactionManagementError(
django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError: An error occurred in the current transaction. You can't execute queries until the end of the 'atomic' block.
Change History (19)
comment:1 by , 3 years ago
| Resolution: | → needsinfo |
|---|---|
| Status: | new → closed |
comment:2 by , 3 years ago
| Resolution: | needsinfo |
|---|---|
| Status: | closed → new |
comment:3 by , 3 years ago
I ran the test above (I had to add managed=False to the model) on 3.2.16 and I get the same error as it does on main.
Here's the failure with stack trace:
======================================================================
ERROR: test_update_or_create (ticket_34523.tests.TransactionManagementErrorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 581, in get_or_create
return self.get(**kwargs), False
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 435, in get
raise self.model.DoesNotExist(
ticket_34523.tests.TransactionManagementErrorTest.TestModel.DoesNotExist: TestModel matching query does not exist.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 73, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 206, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 319, in _query
db.query(q)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 255, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
MySQLdb.IntegrityError: (1062, "Duplicate entry '1' for key 'test_model_update_or_create.PRIMARY'")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/ticket_34523/tests.py", line 44, in test_update_or_create
self.TestModel.objects.update_or_create(id=1, defaults={"field": 2})
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 608, in update_or_create
obj, created = self.select_for_update().get_or_create(defaults, **kwargs)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 588, in get_or_create
return self.create(**params), True
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/ticket_34523/tests.py", line 16, in create
return super().create(**kwargs)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 453, in create
obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/base.py", line 739, in save
self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/base.py", line 776, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/base.py", line 881, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, returning_fields, raw)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/base.py", line 919, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/query.py", line 1270, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1416, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 66, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 75, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in _execute
with self.db.wrap_database_errors:
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/utils.py", line 90, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 73, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 206, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 319, in _query
db.query(q)
File "/Users/dsanders/projects/django-sample/.direnv/python-3.10.8/lib/python3.10/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 255, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: (1062, "Duplicate entry '1' for key 'test_model_update_or_create.PRIMARY'")
comment:5 by , 3 years ago
Besides knowing what exception the reporter is getting, I would like to understand what is the desired outcome, considering that the test is setting the same id for both insertions. I would expect an IntegrityError as shown by David.
comment:6 by , 3 years ago
| Resolution: | → needsinfo |
|---|---|
| Status: | new → closed |
I'd be surprise at any change in the behavior here. Also, MyISAM storage engine doesn't support transactions, etc. I don't think you've explained the issue in enough detail to confirm a bug in Django. Please reopen the ticket if you can debug your issue and provide details about why and where Django is at fault.
comment:7 by , 3 years ago
code from db/models/query.py
return self.create(**params), True
# test generate IntegrityError, this ok
return self.get(**kwargs), False
# this must work fine, but raise django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError
def get_or_create(self, defaults=None, **kwargs):
"""
Look up an object with the given kwargs, creating one if necessary.
Return a tuple of (object, created), where created is a boolean
specifying whether an object was created.
"""
# The get() needs to be targeted at the write database in order
# to avoid potential transaction consistency problems.
self._for_write = True
try:
return self.get(**kwargs), False
except self.model.DoesNotExist:
params = self._extract_model_params(defaults, **kwargs)
# Try to create an object using passed params.
try:
with transaction.atomic(using=self.db):
params = dict(resolve_callables(params))
return self.create(**params), True # test generate IntegrityError, this ok
except IntegrityError:
try:
return self.get(**kwargs), False # this must work fine, but raise django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError
except self.model.DoesNotExist:
pass
raise
ERROR: test_update_or_create (polls.tests.TransactionManagementErrorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 916, in get_or_create
return self.get(**kwargs), False
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 637, in get
raise self.model.DoesNotExist(
polls.tests.TransactionManagementErrorTest.TestModel.DoesNotExist: TestModel matching query does not exist.
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 89, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 75, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 206, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 320, in _query
self._do_get_result(db)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 145, in _do_get_result
self._result = result = self._get_result()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 352, in _get_result
return self._get_db().store_result()
MySQLdb.IntegrityError: (1062, "Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY'")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 923, in get_or_create
return self.create(**params), True
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/mysite/polls/tests.py", line 19, in create
return super().create(**kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 658, in create
obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 814, in save
self.save_base(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 877, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 1020, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 1061, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 87, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1805, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1820, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 89, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 91, in __exit__
raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 89, in _execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 75, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 206, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 320, in _query
self._do_get_result(db)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 145, in _do_get_result
self._result = result = self._get_result()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 352, in _get_result
return self._get_db().store_result()
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: (1062, "Duplicate entry '1' for key 'PRIMARY'")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/mysite/polls/tests.py", line 47, in test_update_or_create
self.TestModel.objects.update_or_create(id=1, defaults={'field': 2})
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 87, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 949, in update_or_create
obj, created = self.select_for_update().get_or_create(defaults, **kwargs)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 926, in get_or_create
return self.get(**kwargs), False
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 633, in get
num = len(clone)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 380, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1881, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 91, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1560, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
return self._execute_with_wrappers(
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in _execute_with_wrappers
return executor(sql, params, many, context)
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 83, in _execute
self.db.validate_no_broken_transaction()
File "/home/alex/workspace/test_TransactionManagementError/.venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 531, in validate_no_broken_transaction
raise TransactionManagementError(
django.db.transaction.TransactionManagementError: An error occurred in the current transaction. You can't execute queries until the end of the 'atomic' block.
comment:8 by , 3 years ago
Backends that don't support transactions is not a particularly well tested area of the code base. Do we even run the full test suite against MyISAM?
I'm curious as to whether you run into the same issue by making your TransactionManagementErrorTest testcase extend TransationTestCase instead of TestCase. I would expect transaction.atomic to be a noop when the backend doesn't support transactions so I wouldn't be surprised if there was an issue with nested atomic blocks on such backends as they also don't support savepoints by definition (Remember that TestCase wraps each tests in an outer atomic block).
I don't see why a TransactionManagementError is raised in the first place when atomic is meant to be a noop as there are no transactions to manage.
comment:9 by , 3 years ago
Ok so I think I get what OP is reporting here, but when I run the above test on latest main, it works fine.
- The above test creates an InnoDB table; this causes the test with the duplicate
create()calls in the manager to abort the transaction because we can't have 2 rows with pk=1 - After editing the test to create a MyISAM the test starts passing - I see no issue.
I'd ask if OP can please make sure the test is run against latest main.
comment:10 by , 3 years ago
Backends that don't support transactions is not a particularly well tested area of the code base. Do we even run the full test suite against MyISAM?
I'm doing this from time to time (e.g. 73766c118781a7f7052bf0a5fbee38b944964e31, 8e89dfe1c24540d33b577377af633694ff57f505, or 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1.)
comment:11 by , 3 years ago
| Cc: | added |
|---|---|
| Description: | modified (diff) |
| Resolution: | needsinfo |
| Status: | closed → new |
| Summary: | update_or_create not work in parallel insertion → Model.objects.update_or_create method sometimes raises TransactionManagementError |
comment:12 by , 3 years ago
Bisected to the 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1, however the MyISAM storage engine doesn't support transactions so I'm not sure how it worked before.
follow-up: 14 comment:13 by , 3 years ago
The changes in 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1 are semantically correct but they had the side effect of making BaseDatabaseWrapper._savepoint_allowed return False and thus savepoint() creation always return None. Remember that MySQL does support transactions and will happily create valid savepoints that can be rolled back and discarded independently of the default storage engine used.
Since update_or_create uses nested atomic to handle possible integrity errors it was previously taking the savepoints created by MySQL as way to mark back the connection as usable. Now that savepoints are not returned anymore it assumes the outer atomic block is tainted as well and raise TransactionManagementError.
I'm not sure why Atomic.__enter__ and __exit__ are not simply noops when transactions are determined to not be supported instead of trying to handle all kind of nesting and savepoint combinations.
-
django/db/transaction.py
diff --git a/django/db/transaction.py b/django/db/transaction.py index 4150cbcbbe..28229f8f3a 100644
a b def __init__(self, using, savepoint, durable): 181 181 182 182 def __enter__(self): 183 183 connection = get_connection(self.using) 184 if not connection.features.supports_transactions: 185 return 184 186 185 187 if ( 186 188 self.durable … … def __enter__(self): 223 225 224 226 def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback): 225 227 connection = get_connection(self.using) 228 if not connection.features.supports_transactions: 229 return 226 230 227 231 if connection.in_atomic_block: 228 232 connection.atomic_blocks.pop()
As for the heuristics to determine if a backend supports transaction the situation is definitely weird on MySQL as supports is on a per-table basis and default_storage_engine is really just a guess at that. In this sense 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1 is backward incompatible as it stopped using savepoints which could have an impact on setups that have mixed storage engines. Not sure if this is a supported setup though.
comment:14 by , 3 years ago
Replying to Simon Charette:
As for the heuristics to determine if a backend supports transaction the situation is definitely weird on MySQL as supports is on a per-table basis and
default_storage_engineis really just a guess at that. In this sense 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1 is backward incompatible as it stopped using savepoints which could have an impact on setups that have mixed storage engines. Not sure if this is a supported setup though.
Would you recommend reverting 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1? (I fine with that)
comment:15 by , 3 years ago
I think that reverting 331a460f8f2e4f447b68fba491464b68c9b21fd1 is less controversial than making Atomic a noop on databases that don't support transactions as the latter would require a larger discussion.
comment:16 by , 3 years ago
| Owner: | changed from to |
|---|---|
| Status: | new → assigned |
| Triage Stage: | Unreviewed → Accepted |
comment:18 by , 3 years ago
| Cc: | added |
|---|
What kind of exception are you getting?