Model fields where the python attribute name does not match the db column are not saved

[Ben Mathes]

Reproduced in this github django repo: ​https://github.com/benmathes/deferred_fields_bug

When defining a model, if you rename a model's db column, django will thing that model is deferred and will not save() it.

e.g.

class SomeModel(models.Model):
    """                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    a contrived model field where we want a "field" that is stored                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    in a "field" column, but we use @property getter/setters so                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    we name the SomeModel class's attribute as "_field".                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
    """
    name = models.TextField(null=True)
    _field = models.TextField(name="field")

    @property
    def field(self):
        return self._field.upper()

    @field.setter
    def field(self, new_value):
        self._field = new_value.lower()

With a renamed db column, "_field" is in self.__dict__, but "field" is not,

 def get_deferred_fields(self):
     """
     Return a set containing names of deferred fields for this instance.
     """
     return {
         f.attname for f in self._meta.concrete_fields
         if f.attname not in self.__dict__
     }

So field is not saved in .save(), because django _mistakenly_ thinks "field" is deferred, so it is ignored during .save()

# https://github.com/django/django/blob/93331877c81c1c6641b163b97813268f483ede4b/django/db/models/base.py#L712
# ...
#     elif not force_insert and deferred_fields and using == self._state.db:
#         field_names = set()
#         for field in self._meta.concrete_fields:
#             if not field.primary_key and not hasattr(field, 'through'):
#                 field_names.add(field.attname)
# ->      loaded_fields = field_names.difference(deferred_fields)
#         if loaded_fields:
#             update_fields = frozenset(loaded_fields)
#
#     self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
#                    force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
# ...

Reproduced in this github django repo: ​https://github.com/benmathes/deferred_fields_bug